利多卡因，作为麻醉剂的物质，通常用于表面和脊髓麻醉。然而，研究表明，利多卡因可能诱发短暂神经症状和马尾综合征。
湖南长沙中南大学的研究人员发现：人参中的达玛烷皂苷Rg1 （皂苷Rg1 ）能够显著降低利多卡因诱发的的神经细胞凋亡。
这个研究利用Jurkat细胞，以及流式细胞仪和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法（TUNEL ）对此进行了评估。研究数据表明，培养Jurkat细胞在达玛烷皂苷Rg1存在的情况下，防止了利多卡因诱导的细胞凋亡。
为了探讨人参皂苷Rg1对细胞凋亡通路的影响，研究人员又进一步研究了胱天蛋白酶3基因的表达。结果表明， Rg1对利多卡因诱导的细胞凋亡的保护作用是通过改变BCL-2家族蛋白的水平和下调caspase-3来发挥的。
目前的研究表明，达玛烷皂苷Rg1能够对培养的Jurkat细胞提供保护，防止利多卡因诱导的细胞凋亡。并且，人参达玛烷皂苷Rg1能够阻断胱天蛋白酶依赖的信号转导，改变BCL-2家族的水平和下调caspase-3，从阻断细胞凋亡的发生。
这个研究为达玛烷皂苷Rg1在体内治疗利多卡因引起的短暂神经系统症状和马尾综合征提供了理论基础。
英文摘要如下：
Protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on lidocaine-induced apoptosis.
Mol Med Rep. 2013 Nov 21;
Authors: Li H, Xu J, Wang X, Yuan G
Abstract
Lidocaine, as an anesthetic substance, is often used for surface and spinal anesthesia. However, studies have shown that lidocaine may induce transient neurological symptoms and cauda equina syndrome. In the present study the effects of the ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) on lidocaine‑induced apoptosis were assessed in Jurkat cells using flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The data showed that incubation with Rg1 provides protection against lidocaine‑induced apoptosis in cultured Jurkat cells. In order to investigate the effect of Rg1 on the apoptosis pathway, caspase 3 gene expression was determined. The results suggested that the protective effect of Rg1 on lidocaine‑induced apoptosis is mediated by altering the level of B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (BCL‑2) family proteins and downregulating caspase‑3 expression. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that incubation with Rg1 provides protection against lidocaine‑induced apoptosis in cultured Jurkat cells. In addition, the study demonstrated that Rg1 is a notable antiapoptotic molecule that is capable of blocking the caspase‑dependent signaling cascade in Jurkat cells, and that the protective effect of Rg1 on lidocaine‑induced apoptosis is mediated by altering levels of BCL‑2 family proteins and downregulating caspase‑3 expression. The present study provides the basis for understanding and evaluating the effect of Rg1 in the in vivo treatment of lidocaine-induced transient neurological symptoms and cauda equina syndrome by lidocaine.
PMID: 24270314 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
